Toxoplasma gondii in Marine Life of Italian Coasts, What Do We Know So Far?

Author:

Rodriguez-Fernandez Veronica12ORCID,Bruschi Fabrizio2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Public Health, La Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy

2. Department of Translational Research, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy

Abstract

Coastal areas of Italy experience high anthropogenic pressure, with a population density estimated to be 360 people per km2. This is correlated with the production of sewage or surface runoff of water contaminated with Toxoplasma gondii oocysts and other pathogens that can in turn enter the food chain and become a public health concern. Therefore, in the present study, we want to review the current knowledge on the presence of T. gondii in Italian coastal areas. The majority of research in Italy has been carried out on marine mammals, while fishes and mollusks have less often been screened. So far, T. gondii has been found in all sea animals tested, with genotypes II and III as well as atypical genotypes being the most commonly found when screened. However, more information is needed. We encourage routine screening of mollusks and fish that are sold in different food markets throughout the country in order to add information on the distribution of T. gondii and other parasites, preventing possible future outbreaks.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences,General Environmental Science

Reference76 articles.

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