Hybrid Nanoparticles of Citrate-Coated Manganese Ferrite and Gold Nanorods in Magneto-Optical Imaging and Thermal Therapy

Abstract

The development of nanomaterials has drawn considerable attention in nanomedicine to advance cancer diagnosis and treatment over the last decades. Gold nanorods (GNRs) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been known as commonly used nanostructures in biomedical applications due to their attractive optical properties and superparamagnetic (SP) behaviors, respectively. In this study, we proposed a simple combination of plasmonic and SP properties into hybrid NPs of citrate-coated manganese ferrite (Ci-MnFe2O4) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-coated GNRs (CTAB-GNRs). In this regard, two different samples were prepared: the first was composed of Ci-MnFe2O4 (0.4 wt%), and the second contained hybrid NPs of Ci-MnFe2O4 (0.4 wt%) and CTAB-GNRs (0.04 wt%). Characterization measurements such as UV-Visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed electrostatic interactions caused by the opposing surface charges of hybrid NPs, which resulted in the formation of small nanoclusters. The performance of the two samples was investigated using magneto-motive ultrasound imaging (MMUS). The sample containing Ci-MnFe2O4_CTAB-GNRs demonstrated a displacement nearly two-fold greater than just using Ci-MnFe2O4; therefore, enhancing MMUS image contrast. Furthermore, the preliminary potential of these hybrid NPs was also examined in magnetic hyperthermia (MH) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) modalities. Lastly, these hybrid NPs demonstrated high stability and an absence of aggregation in water and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) medium. Thus, Ci-MnFe2O4_CTAB-GNRs hybrid NPs can be considered as a potential contrast agent in MMUS and PAI and a heat generator in MH.