Driving Safety Improved with Control of Magnetorheological Dampers in Vehicle Suspension

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the control of magnetorheological dampers (MR) included in a semi-active suspension of an all-terrain vehicle moving along a rough road profile. The simulation results of a half-car model and selected feedback vibration control algorithms are presented and analysed with respect to the improvement of driving safety features, such as road holding and vehicle handling. Constant control currents correspond to the passive suspension of different damping parameters. Independent Skyhook control of suspension parts represents the robust and widely used semi-active algorithm. Furthermore, its extension allows for the control of vehicle body heave and pitch vibration modes. Tests of the algorithms are carried out for a vehicle model that is synthesised with particular emphasis on mapping different phenomena occurring in a moving vehicle. The coupling of the vehicle to the road and environment is described by non-linear tire-road friction, rolling resistance, and aerodynamic drag. The pitching behaviour of the vehicle body, as well as the deflection of the suspension, is described by a suspension sub-model that exhibits four degrees of freedom. Further, three degrees of freedom of the complete model describe longitudinal movement of the vehicle and angular motion of its wheels. The MR damper model that is based on hyperbolic tangent function is favoured for describing the key phenomena of the MR damper behaviour, including non-linear shape and force saturation that are represented by force-velocity characteristics. The applied simulation environment is used for the evaluation of different semi-active control algorithms supported by an inverse MR damper model. The vehicle model is subjected to vibration excitation that is induced by road irregularities and road manoeuvres, such as accelerating and braking. The implemented control algorithms and different configurations of passive suspension are compared while using driving-safety-related quality indices.