The Effects of Termites and Beetle Larvae on the Decomposition of Pinus densiflora and Quercus acutissima in South Korea over a 6-Year Period

Author:

Roh Dakyum12,Kim Seongjun3ORCID,Kim Hyung-Sub4ORCID,Han Seung Hyun5ORCID,Kim Gaeun2ORCID,Son Yowhan2

Affiliation:

1. National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon 33657, Republic of Korea

2. Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea

3. Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Republic of Korea

4. School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA

5. Forest Technology and Management Research Center, Pocheon-si 11186, Republic of Korea

Abstract

The effect of invertebrates like termites and beetle larvae on dead wood could be time-dependent due to changes in wood traits and invertebrate species composition over time. This study assessed changes in the impact of termites and beetle larvae on dead wood decomposition in two tree species, Pinus densiflora and Quercus acutissima, in South Korea over a 6-year period (2016–2022). Wood samples were prepared, with half of them encased in a stainless-steel mesh to prevent access by invertebrates larger than 0.26 mm. These samples were placed in three regions representative of different environments in South Korea (southern, eastern, and western). Significant variations in the mass loss of dead wood were observed based on the tree species, region, and time (p < 0.05). The mean standardized invertebrate effect, assessed with Hedges’ d and a 95% confidence interval, was 0.83 ± 2.19 for P. densiflora and 1.08 ± 2.26 for Q. acutissima. Termites were found in the southern and western regions, with the highest invertebrate effect after two years. Our results indicate that the influence of invertebrates, especially termites, on dead wood decomposition could be most significant during the initial decomposition stages, as noted in the southern region of this research.

Funder

National Research Foundation of the Republic of Korea

Korea Forest Service

Korea Ministry of Environment

Publisher

MDPI AG

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