Abstract
The morphological changes that occur in myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) involve various components, ultimately leading to the impairment of mitral valve (MV) function. In this context, intrinsic mitral annular abnormalities are increasingly recognized, such as a mitral annular disjunction (MAD), a specific anatomical abnormality whereby there is a distinct separation between the mitral annulus and the left atrial wall and the basal portion of the posterolateral left ventricular myocardium. In recent years, several studies have suggested that MAD contributes to myxomatous degeneration of the mitral leaflets, and there is growing evidence that MAD is associated with ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. In this review, the morphological characteristics of MAD and imaging tools for diagnosis will be described, and the clinical and functional aspects of the coincidence of MAD and myxomatous MVP will be discussed.
Subject
Pharmacology (medical),General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Reference50 articles.
1. Pathologic anatomy of mitral insufficiency;Edwards;Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin.,1958
2. Pathology of the myxomatous mitral value. Nature, secondary changes and complications;Guthrie;Minn. Med.,1976
3. Mitral valve billowing and prolapse: Perspective at 25 years;Barlow;Herz,1988
4. Three-dimensional echocardiographic reconstruction of the mitral valve, with implications for the diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse.
5. Quantitative Determinants of the Outcome of Asymptomatic Mitral Regurgitation
Cited by
15 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献