Affiliation:
1. Faculty of Production Engineering and Logistics, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska Street 76, 45-267 Opole, Poland
Abstract
Current electric vehicle solutions offer the possibility of a fully electrified bus fleet, although due to financial constraints, most cities cannot afford it. Therefore, the possibility of battery replacement is a needed alternative to the electrification process of a city’s bus fleet. The aim of this study is to investigate the needs of cities and present the concept of battery replacement in an electric bus. The research was based on two groups of selected Polish cities: (1) up to 150,000 inhabitants, and (2) up to 1 million inhabitants. The research part includes an analysis of the means of transport in provincial cities in Poland, an analysis of the kilometers covered by the city fleet, the average distances covered by buses per day, and an estimate of the number of battery replacements. The concept is based on current technological solutions. The description of the concept includes the proposed battery and the technology used, the placement of the battery in the vehicle, and the replacement scheme. Research indicates that the concept can be used with existing technology but will be more justifiable for a larger city due to the higher fleet load. The paper shows the importance of researching bus electrification solutions and that modern solutions can improve existing urban networks in cities.
Subject
Energy (miscellaneous),Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Control and Optimization,Engineering (miscellaneous),Building and Construction
Reference71 articles.
1. Russo, F., and Comi, A. (2020). Investigating the Effects of City Logistics Measures on the Economy of the City. Sustainability, 12.
2. Hu, W., Dong, J., Hwang, B.-G., Ren, R., and Chen, Z. (2019). A Scientometrics Review on City Logistics Literature: Research Trends, Advanced Theory and Practice. Sustainability, 11.
3. Urban public transportation systems;Vuchic;Transp. Eng. Plan,2002
4. Efficiency and effectiveness in the urban public transport sector: A critical review with directions for future research;Daraio;Eur. J. Oper. Res.,2016
5. Urban public transport in Southeast Asia: A case study of technological imperialism?;Dick;Int. J. Transp. Econ./Riv. Internazionale Econ. Dei Trasp.,1986