Affiliation:
1. College of Veterinary Medicine (Institute of Comparative Medicine), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
2. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
3. International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
4. Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225009, China
Abstract
Bacteria have existed on Earth for billions of years, exhibiting ubiquity and involvement in various biological activities. To ensure survival, bacteria usually release and secrete effector proteins to acquire nutrients and compete with other microorganisms for living space during long-term evolution. Consequently, bacteria have developed a range of secretion systems, which are complex macromolecular transport machines responsible for transporting proteins across the bacterial cell membranes. Among them, one particular secretion system that stands out from the rest is the type V secretion system (T5SS), known as the “autotransporter”. Bacterial activities mediated by T5SS include adherence to host cells or the extracellular matrix, invasion of host cells, immune evasion and serum resistance, contact-dependent growth inhibition, cytotoxicity, intracellular flow, protease activity, autoaggregation, and biofilm formation. In a bacterial body, it is not enough to rely on T5SS alone; in most cases, T5SS cooperates with other secretion systems to carry out bacterial life activities, but regardless of how good the relationship is, there is friction between the secretion systems. T5SS and T1SS/T2SS/T3SS/T6SS all play a synergistic role in the pathogenic processes of bacteria, such as nutrient acquisition, pathogenicity enhancement, and immune modulation, but T5SS indirectly inhibits the function of T4SS. This could be considered a love–hate relationship between secretion systems. This paper uses the systematic literature review methodology to review 117 journal articles published within the period from 1995 to 2024, which are all available from the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and aim to elucidate the link between T5SS and other secretion systems, providing clues for future prevention and control of bacterial diseases.
Funder
National Key Research and Development Program of China
“JBGS” Project of Seed Industry Revitalization in Jiangsu Province
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
Reference117 articles.
1. Recent advancement, immune responses, and mechanism of action of various vaccines against intracellular bacterial infections;Ali;Life Sci.,2023
2. Green, E.R., and Mecsas, J. (2016). Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens, Wiley Online Library.
3. Dautin, N. (2021). Folding control in the path of type 5 secretion. Toxins, 13.
4. Secretion systems in Gram-negative bacteria: Structural and mechanistic insights;Costa;Nat. Rev. Microbiol.,2015
5. Secretion systems used by bacteria to subvert host functions;Rapisarda;Curr. Issues Mol. Biol.,2018