Prognostic Radiological Tools for Clinical Stage IA Pure Solid Lung Cancer

Abstract

In this study, we analyzed prognostic radiological tools and surgical outcomes for radiologically pure solid adenocarcinomas (AD) and squamous cell carcinoma (SQ) in clinical stage IA. We retrospectively investigated 130 patients who underwent surgical resections. We assessed the predictive risk factors for recurrence and pathological lymph node metastasis (LNM). There was no statistical difference in recurrence free survival (RFS) or cancer-specific survival (CSS) between AD and SQ groups (p = 0.642 and p = 0.403, respectively). In the whole cohort, tumor size on lung window and mediastinal settings, and tumor disappearance ratio using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were not prognostic parameters (p = 0.127, 0.066, and 0.082, respectively). The maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) using positron emission tomography-CT was associated with recurrence (p = 0.016). According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, the cut-off value of SUVmax for recurrence was 4.6 (p = 0.016). The quantitative continuous variables using any radiological tools were not associated with LNM. However, tumor diameter on mediastinal setting ≥8 mm with SUVmax ≥2.4 could be a risk factor for LNM. Pure solid AD and SQ were equivalent for the RFS and CSS. SUVmax was useful to predict recurrence. The tumor diameter on a mediastinal setting and SUVmax were useful in predicting pathological LNM.