Exploring Patients’ Perspectives on Late Complications after Colorectal and Anal Cancer Treatment: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Background: Patients often experience late complications following treatment for colorectal and anal cancer. Although several measurement tools exist to classify the severity of these symptoms, little is known about how patients personally experience and adapt to these complications. This study aimed to investigate patients’ experiences and coping strategies in relation to these symptoms. Methods: We conducted an explorative qualitative interview study to gather data. Results: Our findings revealed two main categories: How patients react after treatment for colorectal and anal cancer, and Experienced symptoms. Additionally, we identified four sub-categories: the period after discharge, coping strategies, stool symptoms, and other symptoms. Patients commonly feel abandoned once their surgical and oncological treatments are completed. It is typical for patients to turn to the internet for guidance on managing late complications, despite being aware that evidence-based options are limited. Stool-related issues significantly impact patients’ personal and professional lives, requiring constant preparedness for accidents, the use of diapers, and the need for extra clothing at all times. Furthermore, patients experience additional troublesome symptoms such as urinary incontinence, fatigue, pain, and sexual dysfunction, which further affect their daily lives. Conclusions: Patients experience multiple problems after colorectal cancer surgery, and this warrants more focused attention.