Abstract
Under the background of the current shortage of feed resources, especially the shortage of protein feed, attempts to develop and utilize new feed resources are constantly being made. If the tomato pomace (TP) produced by industrial processing is used improperly, it will not only pollute the environment, but also cause feed resources to be wasted. This review summarizes the nutritional content of TP and its use and impact in animals as an animal feed supplement. Tomato pomace is a by-product of tomato processing, divided into peel, pulp, and tomato seeds, which are rich in proteins, fats, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids, as well as antioxidant bioactive compounds, such as lycopene, beta-carotenoids, tocopherols, polyphenols, and terpenes. There are mainly two forms of feed: drying and silage. Tomato pomace can improve animal feed intake and growth performance, increase polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and PUFA n-3 content in meat, improve meat color, nutritional value, and juiciness, enhance immunity and antioxidant capacity of animals, and improve sperm quality. Lowering the rumen pH and reducing CH4 production in ruminants promotes the fermentation of rumen microorganisms and improves economic efficiency. Using tomato pomace instead of soybean meal as a protein supplement is a research hotspot in the animal husbandry industry, and further research should focus on the processing technology of TP and its large-scale application in feed.
Funder
Suranaree University of Technology
Thailand Science Research and Innovation (TSRI), National Science Research and Innovation Fund
National Research Council of Thailand
Subject
General Veterinary,Animal Science and Zoology
Reference175 articles.
1. Statistics, F.G.F. (2019). What Is the Global Feed Industry. International Feed Industry Federation Factsheet, International Feed Industry Federation (IFIF). Available online: https://ifif.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/IFIF-Fact-Sheet-October-11th-2019.pdf.
2. A meta-analysis of projected global food demand and population at risk of hunger for the period 2010–2050;Nat. Food,2021
3. McLeod, A. (2011). World Livestock 2011-Livestock in Food Security, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
4. Lu, S., Taethaisong, N., Meethip, W., Surakhunthod, J., Sinpru, B., Sroichak, T., Archa, P., Thongpea, S., Paengkoum, S., and Purba, R.A.P. (2022). Nutritional Composition of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) and Its Potential Uses as Alternative Protein Sources in Animal Diets: A Review. Insects, 13.
5. Influence of COVID-19 on the sustainability of livestock performance and welfare on a global scale;Trop. Anim. Health Prod.,2022