Potential Role of Macrophage Polarization in the Progression of Hunner-Type Interstitial Cystitis
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Published:2024-01-08
Issue:2
Volume:25
Page:778
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ISSN:1422-0067
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Container-title:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJMS
Author:
Ko Kwang Jin1ORCID, Kim Gahyun2, Sung Hyun Hwan1, Park Woong-Yang23ORCID, Lee Kyu-Sung14ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea 2. Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea 3. Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea 4. Research Institute for Future Medicine Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
Abstract
Background: Hunner-type interstitial cystitis (HIC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the bladder. However, it remains unclear whether there is a causal relationship between the presence of Hunner lesions and seemingly normal-appearing areas in the bladder (non-Hunner lesions). This study aimed to investigate the fundamental aspects of HIC by examining potential genetic differences between Hunner and non-Hunner lesions and elucidate their role as potential markers in the progression and suppression of the disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled patients with HIC (n = 10) who underwent supratrigonal cystectomy along with augmentation cystoplasty. Full-thickness bladder tissue was collected from Hunner and non-Hunner lesions in the same patient. Normal bladder tissue biopsies were also obtained as controls. Whole transcriptome analysis was performed to analyze the gene expression patterns and immune cell populations. Results: The mucosal layers of patients exhibited similar pathway dysregulation across Hunner and non-Hunner lesions, with immunerelated pathways being prominently affected. In the mucosal layer, genes related to anti-inflammatory and immune suppression were downregulated in Hunner lesions compared to non-Hunner lesions. Moreover, in Hunner lesions, genes related to macrophage differentiation and polarization, such as VSIG4, CD68, MAFB, and LIRB4, were downregulated. The cell fraction of M2 macrophages was found to decrease in Hunner lesions. Immunohistochemical staining revealed an elevated fraction of M1 macrophages and a reduced fraction of M2 macrophages in Hunner lesions compared to those in non-Hunner lesions. In the muscular layer, transcriptomic evidence of muscle thickness was observed in both Hunner and non-Hunner lesions; however, the difference was not significant. Conclusion: Hunner lesions showed a reduced expression of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive factors compared to non-Hunner lesions, along with alterations in immune cell populations. This study suggests the possibility that macrophage polarization is related to the progression from non-Hunner lesions to Hunner lesions, suggesting its relevance to the characteristics of autoimmune diseases.
Funder
National Research Foundation of Korea
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
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