Simulation and Dynamic Properties Analysis of the Anaerobic–Anoxic–Oxic Process in a Wastewater Treatment PLANT Based on Koopman Operator and Deep Learning

Abstract

The accurate simulation of the dynamics of the anaerobic–anoxic–oxic (A2O) process in the biochemical reactions in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is important for system prediction and optimization. Previous studies have used real-time monitoring data of WWTPs to develop data-driven predictive models, but these models cannot be used to provide mathematical analysis of A2O dynamic properties. In this study, we developed a new simulation and analysis method for determining A2O dynamics in biochemical reactions using deep learning and the Koopman operator to address the above problems. This method was validated through data from a real-world WWTP in east China and compared it with the traditional deep learning model. According to the results, the new method achieved high-accuracy prediction. Meanwhile, with the help of the Koopman operator, the new method was able to analyze the asymptotical stability and convergence behavior of the A2O process, which provides a brand-new perspective for the in-depth study of biochemical reactor dynamics.