Measuring Child Multidimensional Deprivation: A Sustainability Perspective

Abstract

Child multidimensional deprivation and poverty is a key challenge to achieving sustainable development. The aim of this paper is to present and apply a new composite index for evaluating the progress towards eradicating child poverty: the Child Multidimensional Deprivation Index (CMDI). This index stems from the foundational literature on multidimensional child poverty that is rooted in the work started by UNICEF and based on the seven core dimensions of multidimensional child deprivation, while considering two additional dimensions of environmental sustainability. The CMDI applies a novel method of aggregation that allows for flexibility of substitution between dimensions, therefore overcoming some of the limitations of conventional indices. Results for 24 countries show that most countries experienced a decrease in multidimensional deprivation in the years between 2010 and 2016, but some of the poorest countries saw an increase in deprivation. Additionally, in several countries, the decrease in child deprivation was small. Results also show that investment in social spending is associated with a lower level of deprivation. Investment in the social sector is crucial to achieving this goal and preventing the negative effects of economic and other types of crisis.