Predicting Pharmacokinetic Properties of Potential Anticancer Agents via Their Chromatographic Behavior on Different Reversed Phase Materials

Abstract

The Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) methodology was used to predict biological properties, i.e., the blood–brain distribution (log BB), fraction unbounded in the brain (fu,brain), water-skin permeation (log Kp), binding to human plasma proteins (log Ka,HSA), and intestinal permeability (Caco-2), for three classes of fused azaisocytosine-containing congeners that were considered and tested as promising drug candidates. The compounds were characterized by lipophilic, structural, and electronic descriptors, i.e., chromatographic retention, topological polar surface area, polarizability, and molecular weight. Different reversed-phase liquid chromatography techniques were used to determine the chromatographic lipophilicity of the compounds that were tested, i.e., micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) with the ODS-2 column and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (Brij 35) as the effluent component, an immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) chromatography with phosphatidylcholine column (IAM.PC.DD2) and chromatography with end-capped octadecylsilyl (ODS) column using aqueous solutions of acetonitrile as the mobile phases. Using multiple linear regression, we derived the statistically significant quantitative structure-activity relationships. All these QSAR equations were validated and were found to be very good. The investigations highlight the significance and possibilities of liquid chromatographic techniques with three different reversed-phase materials and QSARs methods in predicting the pharmacokinetic properties of our important organic compounds and reducing unethical animal testing.