Evaluating the Potential of Double-Muscled Angus Sires to Produce Progeny from Dairy Cows to Meet Premium Beef Brand Specifications

Abstract

In response to the increasing global demand for sustainable beef production, this review of the literature was undertaken to explore the possibility of using the progeny of cows in the pasture-based New Zealand dairy production system that are mainly of the Holstein–Friesian, Jersey, and Holstein–Friesian × Jersey-cross breeds, to produce beef that meets the standards demanded by the Certified Angus Beef® (CAB) standard. CAB is a United States of America (USA) benchmark for beef quality. Traditionally, the offspring of dairy breeds have not been suitable for producing high-quality beef due to their genetic makeup and physical characteristics. However, in the USA, breeding programmes have used genetic strategies to boost muscle meat yield in terminal-sire breeds like the Lim-Flex® and NuEra Genetics® T14 cattle lines. In these lines, selection has focused on enhancing muscling and other Angus traits, including ensuring the cattle are homozygous polled and black-coloured. The overall aim has been to alter the phenotypic characteristics of the offspring of dairy cows by terminal-sire crosses, so they resemble the phenotype of purebred Angus cattle and meet the CAB standard. The approach can involve using different alleles of the myostatin gene (MSTN) carried by the terminal Angus sires to increase carcass value from the dairy cow-derived male progeny (including the MSTN c.821(del11) allele or the myostatin protein p.F94L leucine-containing allele) to increase meat yield and eating characteristics. It is concluded that a targeted selection and mating strategy could provide another source of high-quality beef production, and one that also meets societal demands for better animal welfare and increased sustainability.