Ecofriendly Biopolymer-Based Nanocomposite Films with Improved Photo-Oxidative Resistance

Abstract

The interest towards high performance biopolymer-based materials increases continuously and, to guarantee appropriately industrial applications, the photo-oxidative resistance and stability of these materials must be adequately addressed. In this study, innovative biopolymer-based nanocomposites, i.e., Polyamide 11 (PA11), containing ad-hoc modified Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH), were successfully formulated and characterized. Particularly, LDH were considered carriers for hindered amine light stabilizing molecules, so two different hindered amine moieties (HALS1 and HALS2) were anchored on LDH layered internal structures and/or outer surfaces. The presence of HALS1 and HALS2 in LDH were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Then, the novel LDH-HALS nanofillers (here named LDH-HALS1 and LDH-HALS2) were introduced into a PA11 matrix by melt mixing at 5 wt.%; the produced nanocomposites were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, rheological, and morphological analysis. All obtained results suggest that the LDH-HALS1/HALS2 nanofillers were very well dispersed into the PA11 matrix. Additionally, the photo-oxidative resistance of the PA11-based nanocomposite films was evaluated by subjecting thin films to UVB exposure and the degradation process was monitored by spectroscopic analysis over time. The photo-oxidative resistance of the PA11/LDH-HALS1/HALS2 was compared to that of PA11-based nanocomposites containing unmodified LDH and the commercial hindered amine UV-stabilizer (Cyasorb® UV-3853). It was established that by anchoring the hindered amine moieties to the LDH, the PA11 nanocomposites were successfully protected against UVB exposure. This was because the hindered amine light stabilizing molecules were available to act at the critical zone where the degradation phenomena occur, which is at the interface between the matrix and the inorganic particles.