Speed Stability and Anti-Disturbance Performance Improvement of an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicles

Abstract

To enhance the speed stability and anti-interference performance of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) in electric vehicles, a composite control strategy, incorporating sliding mode control (SMC) and extended state observer (ESO), was implemented to regulate the IPMSM’s speed. Firstly, three simulation analysis models of the IPMSM were established based on its electrical parameters. The current-loop regulator was a PI regulator, while the speed-loop regulators consisted of a basic SMC regulator, a linear SMC–ESO regulator, and a nonlinear SMC–ESO regulator. The simulation analysis results demonstrated that all three speed-loop regulators effectively ensured the speed stability of the IPMSM. However, the nonlinear SMC–ESO regulator exhibited superior performance in terms of enhancing the IPMSM’s resistance to disturbances. Secondly, a hardware testing platform was constructed to validate the simulation analysis findings. The hardware testing results, when compared to the simulation analysis results, revealed the need for optimization of the PI regulator’s control parameters to maintain the speed stability of the IPMSM. Moreover, contrary to the simulation analysis results, the hardware testing results indicated minimal difference in the anti-disturbance performance of the IPMSM between the linear SMC–ESO regulator and the nonlinear SMC–ESO regulator. Finally, the differences between the simulation analysis results and the hardware testing results are thoroughly discussed and analyzed, providing valuable insights for the practical implementation of IPMSM in electric vehicle drive systems.