Viral Interference between the Insect-Specific Virus Brejeira and the Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus In Vitro

Author:

Ribeiro Ana Cláudia1,Martins Lívia12ORCID,Silva Heloisa2,Freitas Maria Nazaré1ORCID,Santos Maissa2,Gonçalves Ercília2,Sousa Alana2,Prazeres Ivy2,Santos Alessandra2,Cruz Ana Cecilia12ORCID,Silva Sandro2ORCID,Chiang Jannifer12ORCID,Casseb Livia12ORCID,Carvalho Valéria12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Post-Graduation Program in Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil

2. Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil

Abstract

The Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) is an encephalitogenic arbovirus (Flaviviridae family) that has a wide geographical distribution in the western hemisphere, especially in the Americas. The negevirus Brejeira (BREV) was isolated for the first time in Brazil in 2005. This study aimed to verify the existence of a possible interfering effect of BREV on the course of SLEV infection and vice versa. We used clone C6/36 cells. Three combinations of MOIs were used (SLEV 0.1 × BREV 1; SLEV 1 × BREV 0.1; SLEV 1 × BREV 1) in the kinetics of up to 7 days and then the techniques of indirect immunofluorescence (IFA), a plaque assay on Vero cells, and RT-PCR were performed. Our results showed that the cytopathic effect (CPE) caused by BREV was more pronounced than the CPE caused by SLEV. Results of IFA, the plaque assay, and RT-PCR showed the suppression of SLEV replication in the co-infection condition in all the MOI combinations used. The SLEV suppression was dose-dependent. Therefore, the ISV Brejeira can suppress SLEV replication in Aedes albopictus cells, but SLEV does not negatively interfere with BREV replication.

Funder

Evandro Chagas Institute/SVS/MS

National Council for Scientific and Technological Development

Improvement of Higher Education Personnel

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference41 articles.

1. Vasconcelos, P.C., Azevedo, R.S.S., Rodrigues, S.G., Martins, L.C., Chiang, J.O., and Travassos Da Rosa, A.P.A. (2013). Arboviral Diseases, Samauma. [1st ed.].

2. Monath, T.P. (1980). St. Louis Encephalitis, American Public Health Association.

3. Fauquet, C.M., Mayo, J., Maniloff, U., Desselberger, L., and Ball, L.A. (2005). Vírus Taxonomy: Classification and Nomenclature of Viroses, Academic Press.

4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2023, November 24). SLEV, Available online: https://www.cdc.gov/sle/.

5. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) (2023, November 24). Available online: https://ictv.global/report/chapter/flaviviridae/flaviviridae.

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