1. Department of Parasitology, Pan-African Malaria Vector Research Consortium, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi P.O. Box 2240, Tanzania
2. Department of Parasitology, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza P.O. Box 1462, Tanzania
3. Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
4. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
5. Parasitology and Vector Biology Laboratory (UNLV PARAVEC Lab), School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA