An Improved Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of the Firefly Pyrocoelia pectoralis

Author:

Fu Xinhua12,Meyer-Rochow Victor Benno34ORCID,Ballantyne Lesley5,Zhu Xinlei2

Affiliation:

1. College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

2. Firefly Conservation Research Centre, Wuhan 430070, China

3. Department of Ecology and Genetics, Oulu University, SF-90140 Oulu, Finland

4. Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea

5. School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, P.O. Box 588, Wagga Wagga 2678, Australia

Abstract

The endemic and endangered Chinese firefly Pyrocoelia pectoralis is a sexually dimorphic, nocturnal species. A previous attempt by this team to assemble a draft genome of P. pectoralis using PacBio and Illumina HiSeq X Ten platforms was limited in its usefulness by high redundancy and contamination. This prompted us to conduct an improved chromosome-level genome assembly of P. pectoralis. Ten chromosomes were further assembled based on Hi-C data to a 532.25 Mb final size with a 52.87 Mb scaffold N50. The total repeat lengths in the genome of P. pectoralis amount to 227.69 Mb; 42.78%. In total, 12,789 genes could be functionally annotated using at least one public database. Phylogenetic inference indicated that P. pectoralis and P. pyralis diverged ~51.41 million years ago. Gene family expansion and contraction analysis of 12 species were performed, and 546 expanded and 2660 contracted gene families were identified in P. pectoralis. We generated a high-quality draft of the P. pectoralis genome. This genome assembly should help promote research on the species’ sexual dimorphism and its unique courtship behavior, which involves a combination of pheromonal and bioluminescent signals. It also can serve as a resource for accelerating genome-assisted improvements in the conservation of this species.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Insect Science

Reference44 articles.

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3. Wilson, T., and Hastings, J.W. (2013). Bioluminescence: Living Lights, Lights for Living, Harvard University Press.

4. Larvae of the firefly Pyrocoelia pectoralis (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) as possible biological agents to control the land snail Bradybaena ravida;Fu;Biol. Control,2013

5. Observations on life history of terrestrial snail Bradybaena ravida;Wang;China Veg.,2008

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