Model for 400 kV Transmission Line Power Loss Assessment Using the PMU Measurements

Abstract

This paper presents an advanced model for monitoring losses on a 400 kV over-head transmission line (OHL) that can be used for measured data verification and loss assessment. Technical losses are unavoidable physical effects of energy transmission and can be reduced to acceptable levels, with a major share of technical losses on transmission lines being Joule losses. However, at 400 kV voltage levels, the influence of the electrical corona discharge effect and current leakage can have significant impact on power loss. This is especially visible in poor weather conditions, such as the appearance of fog, rain and snow. Therefore, loss monitoring is incorporated into exiting business process to provide transmission system operators (TSO) with the measure of losses and the accurate characterization of measured data. This paper presents an advanced model for loss characterization and assessment that uses phasor measurement unit (PMU) measurements and combines them with end-customer measurements. PMU measurements from the algorithm of differential protection are used to detect differential currents and angles, and this paper proposes further usage of these data for determining the corona losses. The collected data are further processed and used to calculate the amount of corona losses and provide accurate loss assessment and estimation. In each step of the model, cross verification of the measured and calculated data is performed in order to finally provide more accurate loss assessment which is incorporated into the current data acquisition and monitoring systems.