A Magnetite–Water-Based Nanofluid Three-Dimensional Thin Film Flow on an Inclined Rotating Surface with Non-Linear Thermal Radiations and Couple Stress Effects

Abstract

This study is related to the heat energy transfer during 3D nanofluid (water-based) motion over a rotating surface by incorporating the combined impacts of thermal radiations and couple stress. The flow is modeled by a set of non-linear coupled PDEs, which is converted to a set of coupled non-linear ODEs by using suitable similarity transformations. The transformed equations are solved with the built-in NDSolve command. The effects of relevant interesting parameters on the nanofluid velocity components and temperature distribution are explained through various graphs. It is found that the velocity component f(η) is increased with higher values of γ and A0 while it drops with an increasing rotation parameter and nanoparticle volume fraction. The fluid temperature increases with higher αnf, Rd, ϵ2, ϵ3, A1 and drops with increasing Pr, ϵ1 and couple stress parameter (A0). The Nusselt number remains constant at a fixed Pr and Rd, whereas it increases with increasing Pr and is reduced with rising Rd. A comparison between the achieved results is carried out with the analytical results through different tables. An excellent agreement is observed between these results.