Incidence of Peri-Implantitis, Technical and Biological Complications of Single Implants Placed with Flap or Flapless Surgery—A 10–12-Year Case-Series

Author:

Naeini Emitis Natali1ORCID,Atashkadeh Mandana2,Jacquet Wolfgang34ORCID,D’Haese Jan1ORCID,De Bruyn Hugo15ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Department of Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands

2. All Saints Green Dental Practice, Norwich NR1 3LY, UK

3. Department of Surgical Clinical Sciences CHIR-ORHE, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium

4. Department of Educational Sciences EDWE-LOCI, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium

5. Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent, 9000 Gent, Belgium

Abstract

Background: Long-term follow-up of single implants and crowns is scarce, especially when inserted using flapless surgery. Aim: Evaluate survival, peri-implantitis incidence, and technical/biologic complications of solitary implants/crowns after 10–12 years of function. Material and methods: 49 patients with 53 single implants, initially operated with a one-stage flap (F) or flapless (FL) surgery and delayed loading, were recalled. Implant survival, radiographic bone-level changes compared to baseline, peri-implant health, and soft tissue aesthetics were registered. Differences in implant level between and within groups were statistically tested using the Mann–Whitney U-Test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, respectively. Results: 36 patients with 40 implants were reassessed, yielding 100% implant and 97.5% crown survival. The bone loss in F (n = 19) was 0.56 mm (SD 0.89; range −0.9–2.02) and −0.85 mm (SD 0.98; range −2.84–0.53) in FL (n = 21), indicative of bone gain in FL (p = 0.003), the latter due to a difference at baseline but bone-level was comparable (p = 0.126). Groups were comparable for probing pocket depth (PPD); (3.32 vs. 3.19 mm), Bleeding Index (BI); (0.15 vs. 0.22), and gingival recession; (0.38 vs. 0.17 mm). According to international criteria, the peri-implantitis incidence was 0%, but 32.5% of the implants/crowns experienced biological or technical complications irrespective of surgical technique. Conclusions: Solitary implants and crowns show good long-term clinical outcomes and peri-implant health. Flapless surgery is a good alternative to conventional in straightforward cases with sufficient bone volume and proper treatment planning.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

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