Could the Spike Protein Derived from mRNA Vaccines Negatively Impact Beneficial Bacteria in the Gut?-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Could the Spike Protein Derived from mRNA Vaccines Negatively Impact Beneficial Bacteria in the Gut?

Published:2024-08-25 Issue:9 Volume:4 Page:1368-1378
ISSN:2673-8112
Container-title:COVID
language:en
Short-container-title:COVID

Author:

Rubio-Casillas Alberto¹²^ORCID,Fabrowski Mark³,Brogna Carlo⁴^ORCID,Cowley David⁵^ORCID,Redwan Elrashdy M.⁶⁷⁸,Uversky Vladimir N.⁹^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Autlan Regional Hospital, Jalisco Health Services, Autlan 48900, JAL, Mexico

2. Biology Laboratory, Autlan Regional Preparatory School, University of Guadalajara, Autlan 48900, JAL, Mexico

3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital, University Hospitals Sussex, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK

4. Department of Research, Craniomed Group Facility Srl., 20091 Bresso, Italy

5. Independent Researcher, Nottingham, UK

6. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

7. Centre of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

8. Therapeutic and Protective Proteins Laboratory, Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg EL-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt

9. Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA

Abstract

The emergence of mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 has opened a new page in vaccine development. Nevertheless, concerns of experts have been expressed about unintentional side effects on the gut microbiota (GM). Previous studies showed that this virus acts as a bacteriophage, which infects and destroys specific bacterial strains in the GM. The present manuscript hypothesizes that the synthetic spike protein could create changes in the composition and the functioning of the GM by entering the intestinal cells after vaccination and impairing the symbiotic relationship between intestinal cells and the GM. An experimental protocol to test the hypothesis is suggested.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Link

https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8112/4/9/97/pdf

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