Assessment of Behavioral Risk Factors in Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases of the Lung Associated with Metabolic Syndrome

Author:

Mihai Andreea1ORCID,Mititelu Magdalena2,Matei Marius3,Lupu Elena Carmen4ORCID,Streba Liliana5,Vladu Ionela Mihaela6,Iovănescu Maria Livia7ORCID,Cioboată Ramona2,Călărașu Cristina2,Busnatu Ștefan Sebastian8ORCID,Streba Costin Teodor2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pulmonology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania

2. Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania

3. Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania

4. Faculty of Pharmacy, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania

5. Department of Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania

6. Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania

7. Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania

8. Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania

Abstract

Background: Diet and lifestyle play important roles in preventing and improving chronic diseases, and evaluating behavioral risk factors in these pathologies allows for efficient management. Methods: A clinical study by screening biochemical parameters and pulmonary function was carried out to evaluate behavioral risk factors in obstructive pulmonary disease associated with metabolic syndrome. Results: Of the total of 70 patients included in the clinical study, 46 were men and 24 were women (χ2 = 3.9, p = 0.168). Forty-eight patients presented at least three met risk criteria associated with the metabolic syndrome (19 women and 29 men). Regarding the assessment of lung function, only 7 of the patients presented normal spirometry values (χ2 = 75.28, p < 0.001), and the other 63 patients presented with ventilatory dysfunction; most (over 80%) declared that they were smokers or had smoked in the past (χ2 = 5.185, p = 0.075). In terms of body weight, 45 of the patients are overweight or obese, most of them declaring that they do not consume enough vegetable products, they consume large amounts of foods of animal origin (meat, milk, eggs) but also super processed foods (food products type of junk food), do not hydrate properly, and are predominantly sedentary people (54 of the patients do no physical activity at all; χ2 = 2.12, p = 0.713). Conclusion: From the statistical processing of the data, it is noted that insufficient hydration, low consumption of vegetables, increased consumption of hyper-caloric food products rich in additives, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking are the main disruptive behavioral factors that worsen the health status in lung disease associated with the metabolic syndrome. An important conclusion emerging from the study is that the imbalances that aggravate obstructive lung diseases are generated by unhealthy food and an unbalanced lifestyle.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference57 articles.

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3. World Health Organization (2023, December 07). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). 16 March 2023. Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-(copd).

4. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) (2023, December 07). Global Strategy for Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of COPD: 2023 Report. Available online: https://goldcopd.org/2023-gold-report-2/.

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