Characteristic Differences between Normotensive and Hypertensive Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the differences between eyes with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG) when they are divided into two groups (hypertensive PXG and normotensive PXG) according to the intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods: This is a retrospective study. Data from 86 hypertensive PXG eyes and 80 normotensive PXG eyes were included. Hypertensive PXG was defined as PXG with IOP ≥ 22 mmHg, and normotensive PXG was defined as with IOP ≤ 21 mmHg). Central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured by ultrasound pachymetry. Lamina cribrosa thickness (LT) was evaluated using swept-source optical coherence tomography. Results: No significant differences were observed between hypertensive and normotensive PXG in terms of age, gender, axial length, hypertension, or diabetes. Normotensive PXG eyes had thinner CCT than hypertensive PXG eyes (p = 0.02). To compare LT, a sub-analysis was performed after matching age, VF MD and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. The normotensive PXG group (n = 32) demonstrated significantly thinner LT compared with the hypertensive PXG group (n = 32) at similar ages and levels of glaucoma severity (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Eyes with normotensive PXG demonstrated thinner CCT and LT compared with those with hypertensive PXG, suggesting structural vulnerability to glaucoma.