Physical Exercise Induces Significant Changes in Immunoglobulin G N-Glycan Composition in a Previously Inactive, Overweight Population

Author:

Šimunić-Briški Nina1,Zekić Robert2,Dukarić Vedran2,Očić Mateja2ORCID,Frkatović-Hodžić Azra1ORCID,Deriš Helena1ORCID,Lauc Gordan13ORCID,Knjaz Damir2

Affiliation:

1. Genos Ltd., 10000 Zagreb, Croatia

2. Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia

3. Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia

Abstract

Regular exercise improves health, modulating the immune system and impacting inflammatory status. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation reflects changes in inflammatory status; thus, we investigated the impact of regular exercise on overall inflammatory status by monitoring IgG N-glycosylation in a previously inactive, middle-aged, overweight and obese population (50.30 ± 9.23 years, BMI 30.57 ± 4.81). Study participants (N = 397) underwent one of three different exercise programs lasting three months with blood samples collected at baseline and at the end of intervention. After chromatographically profiling IgG N-glycans, linear mixed models with age and sex adjustment were used to investigate exercise effects on IgG glycosylation. Exercise intervention induced significant changes in IgG N-glycome composition. We observed an increase in agalactosylated, monogalctosylated, asialylated and core-fucosylated N-glycans (padj = 1.00 × 10−4, 2.41 × 10−25, 1.51 × 10−21 and 3.38 × 10−30, respectively) and a decrease in digalactosylated, mono- and di-sialylated N-glycans (padj = 4.93 × 10−12, 7.61 × 10−9 and 1.09 × 10−28, respectively). We also observed a significant increase in GP9 (glycan structure FA2[3]G1, β = 0.126, padj = 2.05 × 10−16), previously reported to have a protective cardiovascular role in women, highlighting the importance of regular exercise for cardiovascular health. Other alterations in IgG N-glycosylation reflect an increased pro-inflammatory IgG potential, expected in a previously inactive and overweight population, where metabolic remodeling is in the early stages due to exercise introduction.

Funder

European Structural and Investment Funds

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Molecular Biology,Biochemistry

Reference49 articles.

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