A Community Disaster Resilience Index for Chile

Author:

Bronfman Nicolás C.12,Castañeda Javiera V.13ORCID,Guerrero Nikole F.14ORCID,Cisternas Pamela12ORCID,Repetto Paula B.13,Martínez Carolina145ORCID,Chamorro Alondra16ORCID

Affiliation:

1. National Research Center for Integrated Disaster Risk Management, ANID/FONDAP/1522A0005, Santiago (CIGIDEN), Santiago 1030000, Chile

2. Engineering Sciences Department, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 1030000, Chile

3. Department of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 1030000, Chile

4. Institute of Geography, Faculty of History, Geography and Political Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 1030000, Chile

5. Millennium Science Initiative Program—ANID—Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecología Costera (SECOS), Santiago 8331150, Chile

6. Department of Construction Engineering and Management, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 1030000, Chile

Abstract

Although Chile is one of the countries most exposed to natural hazards, to date there is no national index that shows the differences in resilience levels within the country. This study develops a community resilience index on a national scale based on the Baseline Resilience Community (BRIC) index. The BRIC index for Chile was built with 49 indicators, from different sources at the district level. Our results determined that resilience is not distributed homogeneously throughout the country. The highest levels of resilience are concentrated in the central macro-zone. In comparison, the extreme zones of Chile focus close to 90% of their population in the lowest levels, accounting for an uneven distribution of resources and services that impact resilience levels. These differences were mainly explained by indicators such as the percentage of the population without a health insurance system, the percentage of the population without internet access, and the percentage of electoral participation, among others. The results demonstrate that the BRIC model can be successfully implemented to assess community resilience in Chile and suggests the possibility of targeting resources and strategies to increase resilience in areas with the lowest levels of community resilience.

Funder

Research Center for Integrated Disaster Risk Management (CIGIDEN), FONDAP

FONDECYT

National Agency for Research and Development of Chile

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Geography, Planning and Development,Building and Construction

Reference64 articles.

1. M-DAT (2021). EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database, Universite Catholique de Louvain.

2. Organización Mundial de las Naciones Unidas (2015). Marco de Sendai Para La Reducción Del Riesgo de Desastres 2015–2030, United Nations. Resolución Aprobada por la Asamblea General el 3 de junio de 2015.

3. Emrich, C.T., and Tobin, G.A. (2020). Vulnerability and Resilience to Natural Hazards, Cambridge University Press.

4. Vulnerability;Adger;Glob. Environ. Change,2006

5. CREDEN (2016). Hacia Un Chile Resiliente Frente a Desastres: Una Oportunidad: Estrategia Nacional de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación para un Chile Resiliente Frente a Desastres de Origen Natural.

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