Impact of Air Pollution on the Composition and Diversity of Human Gut Microbiota in General and Vulnerable Populations: A Systematic Review

Author:

Filardo SimoneORCID,Di Pietro MarisaORCID,Protano CarmelaORCID,Antonucci Arianna,Vitali MatteoORCID,Sessa Rosa

Abstract

Recently, growing attention has focused on the impact of air pollution on gut microbiota as a possible mechanism by which air pollutant exposure increased the risk for chronic diseases, as evidenced by in vivo studies demonstrating important exposure-induced alterations in the diversity and relative abundance of gut bacterial taxa. This systematic review provides updated state-of-art findings of studies examining the impact of air pollution on the human gut microbiota. Databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched with the following strategy: “air poll*” AND “gut micro*” OR “intestinal micro*”; moreover, a total of 10 studies were included. Overall, there is the evidence that short-term and long-term exposure to air pollutants have the potential to alter the composition and diversity of gut microbiota; some studies also correlated air pollution exposure to adverse health effects (impaired fasting glucose, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and asthma attacks) via alterations in the composition and/or function of the gut microbiota. However, the evidence on this topic is still scarce, and large cohort studies are needed globally.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Chemical Health and Safety,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Toxicology

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