VPP Participation in the FCR Cooperation Considering Opportunity Costs-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

VPP Participation in the FCR Cooperation Considering Opportunity Costs

Published:2024-04-02 Issue:7 Volume:14 Page:2985
ISSN:2076-3417
Container-title:Applied Sciences
language:en
Short-container-title:Applied Sciences

Author:

Ribeiro Fernando J.¹²^ORCID,Peças Lopes João A.¹²^ORCID,Soares Filipe J.¹^ORCID,Madureira André G.³^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. INESC TEC, Campus da Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal

2. Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Campus da Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal

3. Intelligent Clean Energy Systems Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 Rue du Brill, 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg

Abstract

Currently, the transmission system operators (TSOs) from Portugal and Spain do not procure a frequency containment reserve (FCR) through market mechanisms. In this context, a virtual power plant (VPP) that aggregates sources, such as wind and solar power and hydrogen electrolyzers (HEs), would benefit from future participation in this ancillary service market. The methodology proposed in this paper allows for quantifying the revenues of a VPP that aggregates wind and solar power and HEs, considering the opportunity costs of these units when reserving power for FCR participation. The results were produced using real data from past FCR market sessions. Using market data from 2022, a VPP that aggregates half of the HEs and is expected to be connected in the country by 2025 will have revenues over EUR 800k, of which EUR 90k will be HEs revenues.

Funder

FCT/MCTES/Portuguese Republic

Component 5—Capitalization and Business Innovation

Next Generation EU

Publisher

MDPI AG

Link

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/7/2985/pdf

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