Butterfly Diversity in a Rapidly Developing Urban Area: A Case Study on a University Campus

Author:

Fang Sheng-Quan12ORCID,Li Yong-Ping3ORCID,Pan Yue45,Wang Chong-Yun12,Peng Ming-Chun12,Hu Shao-Ji45ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China

2. College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China

3. School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China

4. Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China

5. Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China

Abstract

University campuses, as small and isolated areas of rapidly growing urban areas, can provide a unique opportunity for urban biodiversity research, conservation, education, and citizen science by monitoring assemblages of butterflies within their areas. We surveyed butterfly biodiversity in a rapidly developing urban area represented by the Chenggong Campus of Yunnan University in southwestern China using the Pollard walk method. In total, 3625 butterfly individuals belonging to 50 species, 35 genera, and six families were recorded in this survey. The results showed that the families Pieridae and Nymphalidae are the families with the highest species richness on the campus, and that the family Riodinidae contained the fewest species. Pieris rapae was the most common species, and seven species assessed by the IUCN Red List were recorded. Butterfly community structure varied across habitats and seasons on campus, and butterfly diversity was higher in spring and autumn than it was in summer and winter, as well as being higher in road habitats than in scenic habitats. Unavoidable urbanisation activities (construction, green space planning, etc.) may have influenced the composition and diversity of butterflies, and conserving urban butterfly diversity requires a balance between urban planning and habitat diversity. Finally, we encourage universities and research institutions to develop butterfly monitoring platforms for citizen scientists to participate in.

Funder

Postgraduate Research and Innovation Foundation of Yunnan University

Yunnan Province Science and Technology Department

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Nature and Landscape Conservation,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous),Ecological Modeling,Ecology

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