The Burden of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Risk Factors in Pregnancy and Postpartum—Mirroring Our Region’s Particularities

Author:

Filip Catalina12ORCID,Socolov Sofia Alexandra3,Matasariu Daniela Roxana45ORCID,Ursache Alexandra45ORCID,Pisla Karina Delia6,Gisca Tudor Catalin45,Mihalceanu Elena45,Boiculese Vasile Lucian7ORCID,Socolov Demetra45

Affiliation:

1. Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania

2. CHU “Gabriel Montpied”, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France

3. Department of Neurology, Emergency Hospital ‘Professor Doctor Nicolae Oblu’, 700309 Iasi, Romania

4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania

5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Voda Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania

6. Faculty of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania

7. Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania

Abstract

(1) Background: The three factors within the Virchow triad play the leading role in the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) during pregnancy. (2) Methods: This research approaches the various risk factors associated with DVT and its most representative complications, pulmonary thromboembolism and cerebral venous thrombosis, in pregnant and postpartum women across a 15-year period (2007–2021). (3) Results: A total of 201 out of 287 patients with DVT had associated risk factors, while 86 did not present with any. Out of the 201 patients with risk factors, 47 developed pulmonary thromboembolism, while 12 experienced cerebral thrombosis. The statistical analysis of risk factors involved in DVT revealed high significance for obesity (OR 3.676; CI 2.484–5.439), gestational diabetes (OR 3.394; CI 2.101–5.483), hypertension (OR 2.325; CI 1.591–3.397), preeclampsia (OR 4.753; CI 2.342–9.645), thrombophilia (OR 12.138; CI 8.973–16.417), and varicose veins (OR 9.678; CI 7.321–12.793); for pulmonary thromboembolism, there was high significance for obesity (OR 7.867; CI 4.297–14.401), hypertension (OR 2.605; CI 1.246–5.446), preeclampsia (OR 7.483; CI 2.346–23.872), thrombophilia (OR 11.035; CI 5.910–20.602), and varicose veins (OR 6.837; CI 3.665–12.757); and for cerebral thromboembolism (CTE), the risk factors identified were obesity (OR 6.755; CI 1.954–23.347), hypertension (OR 1.167; CI 0.155–8.770), preeclampsia (OR 9.655; CI 1.283–72.672), and thrombophilia (OR 33.275; CI 12.884–85.939). (4) Conclusions: Obesity was the only significant factor found to influence DVT, pulmonary embolism and CTE risks, and hereditary thrombophilia was the main factor influencing the risk for pulmonary thromboembolism and CTE. Systemic lupus erythematosus and gestational diabetes revealed conflicting results that require further investigation.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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