Rhizobia Inoculation Supplemented with Nitrogen Fertilization Enhances Root Nodulation, Productivity, and Nitrogen Dynamics in Soil and Black Gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper)
Author:
Sadiq Mahran12, Rahim Nasir2, Iqbal Muhammad Aamir3ORCID, Alqahtani Mashael Daghash4ORCID, Tahir Majid Mahmood2, Majeed Afshan2, Ahmed Raees5ORCID
Affiliation:
1. College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China 2. Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, Pakistan 3. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, Pakistan 4. Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia 5. Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, Pakistan
Abstract
The potential interactions of rhizobium bacteria in enhancing nodulation, nitrogen (N) fixation for boosting N availability, and the yield of black gram under a temperate environment continue to remain unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of black gram cultivars, their yield comparisons, and shoot–grain–soil N dynamics in a prevalently rainfed farming system. Two black gram cultivars, NARC Mash-I and NARC Mash-II, were subjected to rhizobia inoculation combined with different N doses (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 kg ha−1). The response variables included root nodulation, agronomic yield attributes, grain yield, shoot–grain and soil N dynamics, and biological productivity. Black gram cultivar NARC Mash-II showed the maximum nodule formation (41 per plant), while each nodule obtained 0.69 g weight in response to RI combined with 25 kg N ha−1. Additionally, this combination showed the highest pods per plant and thousand grain weight, which maximized the grain yield (1777 kg ha−1) and biological productivity (3007 kg ha−1). In contrast, NARC Mash-I under 50 kg N recorded the highest shoot N content, while the same cultivar under 100 kg N exhibited the maximum soil N content. The correlation analyses indicated a significantly robust association among the nodule numbers, grain weight, and N contents in different plant organs. These results give mechanistic insights into plant–microbe interactions based on the eco-friendly, sustainable, and smart agricultural practice of black gram production in a temperate environment.
Funder
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University
Subject
Nature and Landscape Conservation,Ecology,Global and Planetary Change
Reference74 articles.
1. Chattha, M.U., Arif, W., Khan, I., Soufan, W., Bilal Chattha, M., Hassan, M.U., Ullah, N., Sabagh, A.E., and Qari, S.H. (2021). Mitigation of cadmium induced oxidative stress by using organic amendments to improve the growth and yield of mash beans [Vigna mungo (L.)]. Agronomy, 11. 2. Impact of different fertility sources intercropping on productivity of black gram;Saleem;Int. J. Biol. Biotechnol.,2016 3. Isolation characterization of nitrogen fixing rhizobia from cultivated uncultivated soils of Northern Tanzania;Simon;Am. J. Plant Sci.,2014 4. Organic farming for crop improvement sustainable agriculture in the Era of climate change Online;Roychowdhury;J. Biol. Sci.,2013 5. Principal Component Analysis for Yield in blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) under organic and inorganic fertilizer managements;Reddy;Int. J. Plant Soil Sci.,2021
|
|