Dietary Patterns, Gut Microbiota Remodeling, and Cardiometabolic Disease

Author:

Guiducci Letizia1ORCID,Nicolini Giuseppina1,Forini Francesca1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy

Abstract

The cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, collectively known as cardiometabolic disease (CMD), are high morbidity and mortality pathologies associated with lower quality of life and increasing health-care costs. The influence of the gut microbiota (GM) in dictating the interpersonal variability in CMD susceptibility, progression and treatment response is beginning to be deciphered, as is the mutualistic relation established between the GM and diet. In particular, dietary factors emerge as pivotal determinants shaping the architecture and function of resident microorganisms in the human gut. In turn, intestinal microbes influence the absorption, metabolism, and storage of ingested nutrients, with potentially profound effects on host physiology. Herein, we present an updated overview on major effects of dietary components on the GM, highlighting the beneficial and detrimental consequences of diet–microbiota crosstalk in the setting of CMD. We also discuss the promises and challenges of integrating microbiome data in dietary planning aimed at restraining CMD onset and progression with a more personalized nutritional approach.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Molecular Biology,Biochemistry,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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