Anti-Pyretic, Analgesic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Meloxicam and Curcumin Co-Encapsulated PLGA Nanoparticles in Acute Experimental Models

Author:

Aslam Bilal1ORCID,Hussain Asif12ORCID,Bari Muhammad Usman1,Faisal Muhammad Naeem1,Sindhu Zia ud Din3,Alonaizan Rasha4ORCID,Al-Akeel Rasha K.4,Naz Shabana5,Khan Rifat Ullah6ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan

2. Department of Pharmacy, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan

3. Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan

4. Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

5. Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan

6. Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan

Abstract

Herein, we evaluated the in vivo effects of meloxicam and curcumin co-encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles in experimental acute models of pyrexia, nociception, and inflammation. Seven groups (n = 6) were designed for each investigation and pretreated intraperitoneally (i.p.): the control group, meloxicam (4 mg/kg b.w.), curcumin (15 mg/kg b.w.), and equivalent content containing PLGA capped nanoparticles of meloxicam (Mlx-NP) and curcumin (Cur-NP) alone and in combination (Mlx-Cur-NP; at two doses). The results showed that PLGA encapsulation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved the in vivo activities of each compound. Furthermore, co-encapsulation of meloxicam and curcumin potentiated the anti-pyretic effect on yeast-induced pyretic rats, anti-nociceptive effect on nociception induced in rats by formalin and heat, and anti-edematogenic activity in xylene-induced ear edema in rats in a dose-dependent manner. In carrageenan-induced paw inflammation in rats, meloxicam and curcumin co-loading (Mlx-Cur-NP) resulted in significant (p ≤ 0.05) inhibition of paw inflammation, reduction in TNF-α and PGE2 levels, downregulation of expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), as well as a decrease in histopathological changes and TNF-α immunoexpression in paw tissues. Moreover, Mlx-Cur-NP demonstrated noteworthy potentiation in pharmacological effects compared to free compounds and mono-compound-loaded nanoparticles. Thus, the association of meloxicam with curcumin in a biodegradable nanocarrier system could provide a promising anti-pyretic, anti-nociceptive, and anti-inflammatory therapeutic approach for acute conditions.

Funder

Higher Education Commission, Pakistan

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Molecular Biology,Biochemistry,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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