Association of Selenium Intake and Selenium Concentrations with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Several recent studies have suggested selenium (Se) as a potential risk factor for diabetes mellitus (DM); however, the relationship between high Se levels and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk remains unclear. This review article aimed to provide a comprehensive discussion to clarify the association between high dietary Se intake and blood Se concentrations and the risk of T2DM among adults. We conducted searches in the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases for the years 2016 to 2022 and evaluated 12 articles from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies. This review found a controversial association between high blood Se concentrations and T2DM risk while demonstrating a positive correlation with DM risk. In contrast, there are conflicting results regarding the association between high dietary Se intake and T2DM risk. Thus, longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to better elucidate the link.