Analysis of Copper(II), Cobalt(II) and Iron(III) Sorption in Binary and Ternary Systems by Chitosan-Based Composite Sponges Obtained by Ice-Segregation Approach

Abstract

With the intensive industrial activity worldwide, water pollution by heavy metal ions (HMIs) has become a serious issue that requires strict and careful monitoring, as they are extremely toxic and can cause serious hazards to the environment and human health. Thus, the effective and efficient removal of HMIs still remains a challenge that needs to be solved. In this context, copper(II), cobalt(II) and iron(III) sorption by chitosan (CS)-based composite sponges was systematically investigated in binary and ternary systems. The composites sponges, formed into beads, consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)- or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-functionalized CS, entrapping a natural zeolite (Z), were prepared through an ice-segregation technique. The HMI sorption performance of these cryogenically structured composite materials was assessed through batch experiments. The HMI sorption capacities of CSZ-EDTA and CSZ-DTPA composite sponges were compared to those of unmodified sorbents. The Fe(III) ions were mainly taken up when they were in two-component mixtures with Co(II) ions at pH 4, whereas Cu(II) ions were preferred when they were in two-component mixtures with Co(II) ions at pH 6. The recycling studies indicated almost unchanged removal efficiency for all CS-based composite sorbents even after the fifth cycle of sorption/desorption, supporting their remarkable chemical stability and recommending them for the treatment of HMI-containing wastewaters.