Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma Addition on the Chemical Properties and Biological Activity of Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate Bone Cement

Abstract

Currently, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an attractive additive for bone repair materials. PRP could enhance the osteoconductive and osteoinductive of bone cement, as well as modulate the degradation rate of calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH). The focus of this study was to investigate the effect of different PRP ratios (P1: 20 vol%, P2: 40 vol%, and P3: 60 vol%) on the chemical properties and biological activity of bone cement. The injectability and compressive strength of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control. On the other hand, the addition of PRP decreased the crystal size of CSH and prolonged the degradation time. More importantly, the cell proliferation of L929 and MC3T3-E1 cells was promoted. Furthermore, qRT-PCR, alizarin red staining, and western blot analyses showed that the expressions of osteocalcin (OCN) and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) genes and β-catenin protein were up-regulated, and mineralization of extracellular matrix was enhanced. Overall, this study provided insight into how to improve the biological activity of bone cement through PRP incorporation.