Vitamin D Status in the Adult Population of Romania—Results of the European Health Examination Survey

Author:

Brîndușe Lăcrămioara Aurelia1,Eclemea Irina2,Neculau Andrea Elena3ORCID,Cucu Maria Alexandra4

Affiliation:

1. Department of Public Health and Management, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania

2. Quality Management Department, Emergency University Hospital Elias, 011461 Bucharest, Romania

3. Department of Fundamental, Clinical and Prophylactic Sciences, Transylvania University of Brasov, 56 Nicolae Bălcescu Street, 500019 Brasov, Romania

4. Department of Social Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is recognized as a general health condition globally and is acknowledged as a public health concern in Europe. In Romania, a national program of examination of the status of vitamin D for high-risk groups has demonstrated a vitamin D deficiency prevalence of 39.83%. No national data on the status of vitamin D in the general adult population are available to date. Methods: We used the framework of the European Health Examination Survey to analyze vitamin D levels in a sample population of adults aged 25–64 years, from 120 family doctors’ patients lists, by using a sequential sampling method. Data were weighted to the Romanian population. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL. Results: In total, 5380 adults aged 25–64 years were included in this study. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is 24.8%. Predictors of vitamin D deficiency were found to be obesity, female sex, living in rural areas, lower education level, and lower socioeconomic status. Conclusions: Specific recommendations for vitamin D screening and supplementation should be issued for women by specialist boards. Further studies are needed to identify seasonal variation and to establish a correlation with nutritional surveys.

Funder

EEA Grants/Norway Grants

Publisher

MDPI AG

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