Impacts of Different Gully Consolidation and Highland Protection Models on the Runoff and Sediment Yield in Small Watershed of the Chinese Loess Plateau—A Case Study of Fengbugou in Qingyang City of Gansu
Author:
Zhao Zhixin12, Huo Aidi123ORCID, Cheng Yuxiang4, Luo Pingping12ORCID, Peng Jianbing4ORCID, Elbeltagi Ahmed5ORCID, Abuarab Mohamed EL-Sayed6, Mokhtar Ali6, Ahmed Adnan12
Affiliation:
1. School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China 2. Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China 3. Key Laboratory of Mine Geological Hazards Mechanism and Control, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi’an 710054, China 4. College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China 5. Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt 6. Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
Abstract
The Gully Consolidation and Highland Protection (GCHP) project is crucial in preventing gully erosion in the Loess Plateau. However, there are new problems after the completion of the GCHP project, such as secondary disasters caused by sudden changes in water flow paths. To study the impact of different GCHP measures on runoff and sediment production, we conducted a series of scouring experiments using the similarity principle, taking Fengbao Gully, Xifeng District, Qingyang City, Gansu Province, as a prototype. Moreover, three scenarios in the GCHP project (landfill (LT), nondrained terraced (NDT), and terrace with a drainage system (DT)) are established. Seasonal rainfall simulation experiments are conducted with a constant slope. The results showed that during summer rainfall, the 10 min runoff depth of LT is 67.83~276.03% higher than that of NDT. However, in spring and autumn, the runoff depth of NDT is 4.12~39.84% higher than LT’s. The sediment yield of LT is 0.06–5.58 times higher than that of NDT and 1.91–25.58 times higher than that of DT. The sediment yield of NDT is 0.46–4.02 times higher than that of LT and 2.27–23.93 times higher than that of DT, indicating that, under the same conditions, the effect of slope replacement with terraces for GCHP is better than that of gully head landfill in reducing soil erosion and secondary geological disasters. Furthermore, imperfect terrace construction can result in increased sediment yield. This study provides a scientific basis for the maintenance and later management of GCHP and helps implement soil and water conservation measures in similar regions worldwide.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Subject
Water Science and Technology,Aquatic Science,Geography, Planning and Development,Biochemistry
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