Research on Arc Erosion Resistance of High-Entropy Alloy-Modified Aluminum Alloy Armature Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Abstract

In an electromagnetic launch system, the surface of the aluminum alloy armature is subjected to high-temperature ablation, leading to the generation of significant metal vapor and the initiation of high-energy arcs. This damages the armature structure and can result in a launch failure. Enhancing the ablation resistance of the armature surface is crucial for improving launch efficiency. In this study, a model for the surface modification of an aluminum alloy armature was constructed. The impact of the CoCrNiFeAlx surface-modified material on the resistance to ablation and structural changes of the armature during arc ablation was elucidated through molecular dynamics simulation. Results show that adding a CoCrNiFeAlx fused cladding layer can effectively enhance the material’s high-temperature resistance. The CoCrNiFeAlx fused cladding significantly reduces the depth of arc intrusion. The CoCrNiFeAlx aluminum alloy model exhibits a narrower strain range on the bombarded surface and a more flattened bombardment crater shape. CoCrNiFeAlx fused cladding helps to reduce damage from substrate bombardment. Comparing simulation results indicates that CoCrNiFeAl0.25 performs best in high-temperature resistance and impact strength, making it the most preferred choice. This study elucidates the law of high-entropy alloy arc ablation resistance and its micromechanism in armature surface modification. It provides a theoretical basis and technical support for preparing high-entropy alloy–aluminum alloy-modified armatures with superior ablation resistance performance.