Research Progress on the Application of Graphene Quantum Dots

Abstract

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are sets of carbon quantum dots derived from graphene or graphene oxide, and they have obvious graphene lattice properties. The number of layers in GQDs is generally no more than five layers, and the diameter size of GQDs is generally less than 10 nm. GQDs have stable photoluminescence characteristics, high specific surface areas, high conductivity levels and adjustable band gaps, and they can be used in sensing systems such as ion detection sensing, optical biosensing, electrochemical biosensing and electronic sensing. Based on the research status of GQDs in recent years and the application background of sensing systems, this review paper focuses on the synthesis strategies, sizes, chemical compositions, crystal structures, optical properties and sensor applications of GQDs.