Pulsed Magnetron Sputtering of Strongly Thermochromic VO2-Based Coatings with a Transition Temperature of 22 °C onto Ultrathin Flexible Glass

Author:

Bárta Tomáš,Vlček JaroslavORCID,Houška JiříORCID,Haviar Stanislav,Čerstvý Radomír,Szelwicka Jolanta,Fahland Matthias,Fahlteich John

Abstract

The reversible semiconductor-to-metal transition of vanadium dioxide (VO2) makes VO2-based coatings a promising candidate for thermochromic smart windows, reducing the energy consumption of buildings. This paper deals with maximizing the application potential of these coatings in terms of their performance, an industry-friendly preparation technique, and an industrially relevant substrate. We present a scalable sputter deposition technique for the preparation of strongly thermochromic ZrO2/V0.984W0.016O2/ZrO2 coatings on ultrathin flexible glass and standard glass at a relatively low substrate surface temperature (330 °C) and without any substrate bias voltage. The V0.984W0.016O2 layers were deposited by a controlled high-power impulse magnetron sputtering of a V target, combined with a simultaneous pulsed dc magnetron sputtering of a W target. We explain the fundamental principles of this technique using the discharge characteristics measured for both discharges. We characterize the coating structure (X-ray diffraction) and a wide range of optical properties (spectrophotometry and spectroscopic ellipsometry). We find that the coatings combine a transition temperature of 22 °C, a luminous transmittance approaching 50%, a modulation of the solar energy transmittance over 10% and a temperature-independent color. The results in general, and the successful transfer from a standard glass to the ultrathin flexible glass in particular, are crucial for future applications of the coatings on smart windows.

Funder

The European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Materials Chemistry,Surfaces, Coatings and Films,Surfaces and Interfaces

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