Highly Hydrophobic and Self-Cleaning Heat-Treated Larix spp. Prepared by TiO2 and ZnO Particles onto Wood Surface

Abstract

The deposition of TiO2/ZnO on heat-treated wood was prepared by a hydrothermal reaction and sol-gel method. Highly hydrophobic wood was successfully prepared with low surface free energy. The surface-modified wood samples were characterized by 3D-laser shape measurement microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the microstructure and chemical composition investigation. The deposited TiO2 or ZnO markedly made the wood surface brighter, which was demonstrated by visual observation and spectrophotometer. The TiO2/ZnO particles were successfully loaded onto the surface of the wood, proven by SEM-EDS and FTIR analyses. The contact angle of TiO2 and ZnO-modified wood reached 123.9° and 134.1° respectively, which is obviously higher than that of the control at 88.9°. The hydrophobic properties of the TiO2/ZnO modified wood samples were directly related to the shapes of clusters and spheres of particles, which increased the roughness of the wood surface. This study shows the hydrophobic properties of the TiO2/ZnO-modified wood and provides the color and roughness changes for the painting process of heat-treated wood.