Microstructure and Properties of Cladding Layers Prepared by Argon-Shielded Arc Cladding of CuZn40-WC Powders on Pure Aluminum Substrate

Abstract

Aluminum and aluminum alloys have the advantage of a high strength-to-weight ratio, but their low hardness and poor wear resistance often cause wear damage. In the present study, the cladding layer was prepared using argon-shielded arc cladding of CuZn40-WC powders which were pre-coated on a pure aluminum substrate. The effects of WC proportion on the morphology, microstructure, and properties of cladding layers were investigated in detail. The results indicated that the optimal WC proportion in CuZn40-WC powders was 60 wt.%. With the increase of WC proportion, although the morphology of the cladding layer became slightly worse, the surface quality of the cladding layer was acceptable for industrial application until the WC proportion was 80 wt.%. Meanwhile, the top width and maximum depth of the cladding layer decreased. The maximum microhardness and optimal wear resistance of the cladding layer were 4.5 and 2.5 times that of the aluminum substrate, respectively. The increased microhardness and wear resistance were mainly attributed to the formation of Al4W in the cladding layer. The wear scar of the high wear resistance specimen was smoother and some bulk Al4W compounds were clearly observed on the wear surface.