A 1D–3D Approach for Fast Numerical Analysis of the Flow Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Exhaust Gas

Abstract

It is necessary to analyze the intake/exhaust gas flow of a diesel engine when turbocharger matching and when installing emission control devices such as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), selective catalytic reduction (SCR), and scrubbers. Analyzing the intake/exhaust gas flow using a 3D approach can use various analytical models, but it requires a significant amount of time to perform the computation. An approach that combines 1D and 3D is a fast numerical analysis method that can utilize the analysis models of the 3D approach and obtain accurate calculation results. In this study, the flow characteristics of the exhaust gas were analyzed using a 1D–3D coupling algorithm to analyze the unsteady gas flow of a diesel engine, and whether the 1D–3D approach was suitable for analyzing exhaust systems was evaluated. The accuracy of the numerical analysis results was verified by comparison with the experimental results, and the flow characteristics of various shapes of the exhaust system of a diesel engine could be analyzed. Numerical analysis using the 1D–3D approach was able to be computed about 300 times faster than the 3D approach, and it was a method that could be used for research focused on the exhaust system. In addition, since it could quickly and accurately calculate intake/exhaust gas flow, it was expected to be used as a numerical analysis method suitable for analyzing the interaction of diesel engines with emission control devices and turbochargers.