Vibration and Flow Characteristics of a 200 MW Kaplan Turbine Unit under Off-Cam Conditions

Author:

Yan Dandan1,Chen Shuqiang2,Ren Peng2,Zhao Weiqiang3ORCID,Chen Xiaobin2,Liu Chengming1ORCID,Zhou Lingjiu14ORCID,Wang Zhengwei5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China

2. Guangxi Dateng Gorge Water Conservancy Project Development Co., Ltd., Guiping 530200, China

3. Institute of New Energy and Energy Storage, Power China, Beijing 100101, China

4. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Safety and Energy Saving Technology for Water Supply Network System, Beijing 100083, China

5. Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Abstract

Kaplan turbine units can adjust their blades to achieve wider outputs without a significant loss of efficiency. The combination of guide vane angle (GVA) and blade angle (BA) is selected based on efficiency curves obtained from cam tests. However, the vibration characteristics are not considered in the test. The vibration and flow characteristics are complex with different combinations of guide vane and blade angles. Different cam relation selection principles lead to varying machine vibration and flow characteristics. In this research, the flow and vibration characteristics were obtained by means of field test and numerical simulation. Vibration, pressure pulsation, and other stability indicators have been extracted and investigated under off-cam conditions. The flow and variation rules of different indicators have been thoroughly researched. The findings suggest that the magnitude of vibration in the X direction surpassed that in the Y direction for the head cover, upper frame, and lower frame under 22 experimental conditions. The disparity between the head cover and upper frame in both directions was not significant, whereas a substantial contrast existed between the lower frame in the X and Y directions. The calculation results indicate that when the guide vane angle was small, vortices appeared near the high-pressure edge of the runner in the vaneless region and caused disorganized flow lines in the runner, and this complex vortex behavior led to multiple frequency components in the pressure pulsation frequency domain. The conclusions provide references for the designers of Kaplan turbine units and improves the operating safety of Kaplan turbine power stations.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

MDPI AG

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