An IPMSM Control Structure Based on a Model Reference Adaptive Algorithm

Abstract

Traditional construction machinery has the disadvantages of low energy efficiency and poor emissions, which do not meet the requirements of environmentally friendly industrial development. Electric construction machinery has attracted more and more attention because of its advantages of zero emissions and high energy efficiency, which are considered to be important factors in the future development of construction machinery. Preliminary attempts to introduce electric motors into construction machinery usually only adopt the motor for simulating the working mode of the engine, with it providing power for the system. Because the output power of the motor needs to be matched with the actual load through the transmission of the hydraulic torque converter, it is difficult to maximize the advantages of high energy efficiency for the electric drive. This paper studied the direct drive technology within electric construction machinery and presents a model reference adaptive algorithm (MRAA) based on maximum torque per ampere (MTPA)-vector control of an internal permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). The reference motor model was established, and the real-time dynamic reference value of the motor was obtained based on a model with the motor voltage and current as inputs. Simulations based on MATLAB/Simulink verified the feasibility of this control method. The results indicate that the MRAA can identify the motor flux linkage value and the d-q axis inductance within 50 ms in real time, with the error controlled within 2%. Additionally, when the motor operates at low speed, compared with the traditional MTPA algorithm under fixed-parameter control, the starting torque ripple of the IPMSM control method based on reference model adaptation was reduced to 23.8%, which proves that the MRAA can achieve good low-speed response characteristics and stability.