In Vitro Embryos of Romosinuano and Tropical Milking Cattle during Three Seasons in Veracruz, Mexico

Author:

Rosales-Martínez Froylan1ORCID,Becerril-Pérez Carlos Miguel23ORCID,Rosendo-Ponce Adalberto2ORCID,Riaño-Gaya Alberto4,Cortez-Romero César5ORCID,Gallegos-Sánchez Jaime3ORCID,Romo-García Salvador6

Affiliation:

1. Facultad Maya de Estudios Agropecuarios, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Catazajá C.P. 29980, Chiapas, Mexico

2. Colegio de Postgraduados, Programa de Agroecosistemas Tropicales, Campus Veracruz, Manlio Fabio Altamirano C.P. 94251, Veracruz, Mexico

3. Colegio de Postgraduados, Programa de Ganadería, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco C.P. 56230, Estado de México, Mexico

4. Reproducción Genética Avanzada RGA In Vitro, Boca del Río C.P. 94299, Veracruz, Mexico

5. Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus San Luis, Salinas de Hidalgo C.P. 78622, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

6. Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuatitlán Izcalli C.P. 54714, Estado de México, Mexico

Abstract

One of the main factors that influences the fertility of cattle in grazing systems in hot tropical climates is heat stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of season, breed, hormonal and physiological condition on the quantity and quality of cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) and embryos produced in vitro, from Romosinuano (RM) and Tropical Milking (TM) donors. Three ovum pick-up and in vitro fertilization (OPU-IVF) were performed, one per season: hot dry (HD; 10, 10), hot humid (HH; 9, 9) and fresh dry (FD; 7, 10) in RM and LT donors. Serum levels of cortisol, insulin and glucose were measured, in addition to heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT). Effect of season x genotype interaction (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in all COC variables and only in cleavage embryos (CLI) (p ≤ 0.05). Body weight (BW) affected all COC variables (p ≤ 0.01), except unviable (UNV) although affected degenerated embryos (DEG) (p ≤ 0.01) and total blastocysts (BLAST) (p ≤ 0.01). Cow age only affected viable COCs (VIAB) (p ≤ 0.05), code one blastocysts (BC1) and BLAST (p ≤ 0.01). Cortisol affected total COCs (COCsT), VIAB and total matured in vitro (TMIV) (p ≤ 0.01), as well as CLI, BC1 (p ≤ 0.01) and BLAST (p ≤ 0.05). Insulin affected COCsT (p ≤ 0.01), UNV (p ≤ 0.05), denuded oocytes (DE) (p ≤ 0.01), BC1 and code two blastocysts (BC2) (p ≤ 0.01). Glucose affected all COC variables (p ≤ 0.01), except UNV and all embryo variables except BC2. HR affected COCsT, DE, TMIV (p ≤ 0.01), CLI, BLAST and DEG (p ≤ 0.05). RR affected COCsT, UNV, VIAB, CLI (p ≤ 0.05), BC1, BLAST and DEG (p ≤ 0.01). RT only affected DE, VIAB (p ≤ 0.01) and BLAST (p ≤ 0.05). The seasonal climatic year variation of Veracruz and changes in physiological and hormonal variables have diverse effects on the cumulus–oocyte complexes and embryos produced by RM and TM donors.

Funder

Colegio de Postgraduados

Publisher

MDPI AG

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