Entropy Analysis of Magnetized Carbon Nanofluid over Axially Rotating Stretching Disk

Abstract

Nanofluids receive recognition from researchers and scientists because of their high thermal transfer rates. They have impactful industrial and technological modules in daily activities. In recent times, the heat transfer rate has been strengthened even more by a certain type of nanofluid known as “carbon nanotubes”. The water-based magnetohydrodynamic flow with the nanoparticles MWCNT and SWCNT over an axially rotating stretching disk is highlighted in this article. In addition, the perspectives of viscous dissipation and MHD were taken into consideration. In order to formulate the physical problem, Xue’s model is considered with the thermophysical properties and characteristics of carbon nanofluid. The current modeled system of partial differential equations is transformed into an ordinary differential equation system by the suggesting of the best similarity technique. Later, the transformed system of ordinary differential equations is solved numerically by using the Keller box method and the shooting method. Figures and charts are used to study and elaborate the physical behavior of the key subjective flow field parameters. The saturation in the base fluid is considered in both kinds of carbon nanotubes, the single-wall (SWCNTs) and the multiwall (MWCNTs). It is noted that the heat transfer mechanism shows some delaying behavior due to the increase in the Eckert number and the volume fraction elevation values. For the larger volume fraction values and the magnetic parameter, the skin friction increases. In addition, while the temperature profile increases with the Biot numbers, it falls for the increasing values of the Prandtl number. Furthermore, it is noted that the irreversibility of the thermal energy is influenced by the Biot number, temperature difference, Brinkmann number, and magnetic field, which all have dynamic effects on the entropy and the Bejan number.